Unit 2: Cell Structure and Function
Reading
Homework
Homework is posted near the bottom. Refer to your class emails for due dates.
AP additional homework
Labs
- OpenStax book: Ch. 3 - "Cell Structure & Function" sections 3.1 through 3.4
- BJU: 3A - "The structure of cells"
- AP: Green book: Ch. 4 Cell Structure
Homework
Homework is posted near the bottom. Refer to your class emails for due dates.
AP additional homework
- Set 1: Green book Ch. 3 "RQ" #1-2, 4-13 (12 questions).
- Set 2: Green book Ch. 3 "RQ" #14-25 (11 questions).
- Instructions: The answers are given in the back of the book. Therefore, I want you to retype each question (you can shorten it), AND THEN EXPLAIN THE ANSWER IN YOUR OWN WORDS. I'm looking for 1-2 sentences each. This isn't meant to be an essay. This should take you around 1-2 hours maximum.
Labs
- Sheep's Heart Dissection: We have successfully used this lab for years as a launching pad for cells, tissues, components of blood, and the circulatory system. Plus it's a fun dissection!
| Cell Structure & Function slides.pptx |
Below: "Cell City" - it's helpful to think of the cell's components as parts of a city or factory
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Lecture Outline
Every living thing is made of cells. This is quite amazing when you begin to learn what goes on in a cell! The Englishman Robert Hooke coined the term "cell" in 1665 as he was viewing cork cells under an early microscope with only 30X magnification (cork cells are big cells). A Dutch shopkeeper named Van Leeuwenhoek read Hooke's report, and by making himself some improved lenses in his eyeglass shop(!) was able to see microbes in pond water. By the 1800's, it was realized that the cell was the basic unit of life (Schleiden & Schwann).
Every living thing is made of cells. This is quite amazing when you begin to learn what goes on in a cell! The Englishman Robert Hooke coined the term "cell" in 1665 as he was viewing cork cells under an early microscope with only 30X magnification (cork cells are big cells). A Dutch shopkeeper named Van Leeuwenhoek read Hooke's report, and by making himself some improved lenses in his eyeglass shop(!) was able to see microbes in pond water. By the 1800's, it was realized that the cell was the basic unit of life (Schleiden & Schwann).
Living things are built from cells; this applies equally to humans, whales, finches, and corn plants
- The "Cell Theory" states
- The cell is the basic unit of all living things
- Cells perform all the functions of living things
- New cells are manufactured by existing cells
- Each of your trillions of cells can be viewed as a 'factory' or a 'city' (see student diagram above). This will become clear in the next two lessons!
- Cells are enclosed within a semipermeable membrane (plasma membrane) which allows only certain substances in-and-out of the cell.
- The plasma membrane is called a phospholipid bilayer, it is flexible (fluid), and it is crowded with numerous, large protein molecules which function as pumps, tunnels, docking stations, receptor sites, identification markers, and various machines/mechanisms which communicate with the cell's environment.
- Plant cells also have a rigid 'cell wall' comprised of cellulose, in addition to their plasma membrane. The cellulose cell-wall on the outside is what gives plants "rigidity".
- There are two basic types of cells, Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic:
- "Prokaryotic" cells are the Domains 'bacteria' and 'archaea', and don't have membrane-bound organelles. They are 'simple' cells.
- "Eukaryotic" cells are the animal and plant kingdoms, and have a nucleus and numerous membrane-bound organelles. Thus, Eukaryotic cells are more complex than Prokaryotic cells.
- Common "organelles" inside Eukaryotic cells include the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi Apparatus, mitochondria, vesicles, vacuoles.
- Other important components of the cell include the cytoskeleton (microtubules and microfilaments), chromosomes (DNA), ribosomes, RNA, motor proteins, centrosome, nucleolus, flagella and cilia, etc.
- The contents of a cell are called the "cytoplasm". If you don't count the organelles, the watery contents are called the "cytosol".
Sheep's heart dissection lab
| Heart Dissection lab handout |
| 4._heart_dissection_lab_report_instructions_rev._2021.docx |
| Supplemental Slides: The Heart and Circulatory System |
| Heart Dissection Lab Report - student examples from prior years |
"Cell Factory" assignment
You can find lots of student examples for this assignment on the Internet. DO YOUR OWN WORK.
You can find lots of student examples for this assignment on the Internet. DO YOUR OWN WORK.
| 3._cell_factory_assignment.docx |
| cell_city-factory-restaurant_student_exemplars_2017.pdf |
| cell_city-factory_student_exemplars_-_biology_2017.pdf |
| cell_planet_student_exemplar.pdf |
Cardiology Virtual Lab
Simulation: www.biointeractive.org/classroom-resources/cardiology-virtual-lab
Instructions:
- Complete the virtual lab. Turn in the completed quiz which is contained in the simulation.
- Turn in the completed heart quiz, below.
| _heart_quiz_.pdf |
Virtual Heart Surgery lab (Note: as of 1/1/2021 Adobe Flash is blocked on all major browsers, so this simulation is temporarily inactive)
Complete parts 1 and 2 and turn-in together
Complete parts 1 and 2 and turn-in together
- Virtual Heart Surgery
- Heart quiz (you can use the Internet and all the resources on this page to complete this - Khan Academy video, heart lecture slides below, etc)
| _virtual_heart_surgery_assignment1.docx |
"Heart & Circulatory System" presentation - part 1
Submit an idea for an 8-10 minute PowerPoint presentation to be presented at a later class. All I want at this point is your "idea" explained in 2-3 sentences.
Presentation topic: "The Heart and Circulatory System".
Examples - you can make your presentation on things such as: heart disease, pacemakers, artificial hearts, blood-borne infectious diseases (HIV, hepatitis B/C), how smoking and alcohol affect the heart, recent developments in heart valves, how heart muscles work, the heart’s electrical system, cardiac tissue engineering, Sickle Cell Anemia, Leukemia, new drugs or drugs under development.
Submit an idea for an 8-10 minute PowerPoint presentation to be presented at a later class. All I want at this point is your "idea" explained in 2-3 sentences.
Presentation topic: "The Heart and Circulatory System".
Examples - you can make your presentation on things such as: heart disease, pacemakers, artificial hearts, blood-borne infectious diseases (HIV, hepatitis B/C), how smoking and alcohol affect the heart, recent developments in heart valves, how heart muscles work, the heart’s electrical system, cardiac tissue engineering, Sickle Cell Anemia, Leukemia, new drugs or drugs under development.
| Heart & Circulatory System presentations - student examples |